Polymers

Fibre Reinforced Polymer; Fibre reinforced polymer are also called fibre reinforced plastic. A composite is a combination of two or more materials which differ in form or composition on a macroscale . Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) is a composite that consist of high performance fibres embedded in a polymer matrix. Fibres utilized in FRP are carbon, glass and aramid. Polymers utilized in FRP are epoxy, vinyl ester, polyester and phenol formaldehyde resins. Fibre reinforced composites can have different arrangement of fibres within the polymer. (a) One dimensional arrangement;  Here the fibres are only aligned in X-direction. (b) Two dimensional arrangement, random; Here the fibres are randomly aligned in X-direction and Y-direction. (c) Two dimensional arrangement, oriented; Here the fibres are aligned in X-direction and Y-direction in a particular manner. (d) Three dimensional arrangement, random; Here the fibres are randomly aligned in X-direction, Y-dire

Polyester, Polycarbonate, Polyamide and Polyurethane; Polyester Ester linkage; In ester linkage an oxygen atom (irrespective of position) is bonded to carbonyl group. The polymer containing ester linkage is called Polyester. For example; glyptal, terylene,PHBV and Polyglycolic acid. Polycarbonate Carbonate linkage; In carbonate linkage two oxygen atoms are bonded to carbonyl group. The polymer containing many carbonate linkage is called Polycarbonate. Polyamide Amide linkage; In amide linkage -NH-group (irrespective of position) is bonded to carbonyl group. The polymer containing many amide linkage is called Polyamide. For example; Nylon6, Nylon6,6, Kevlar, Nylon-2-Nylon-6. Polyurethane Urethane linkage; In urethane linkage an -NH-group and an oxygen atom is bonded to carbonyl group. The polymer containing many urethane linkage is called Polyurethane. Questions on Polyester, Polycarbonate, Polyamide and Polyurethane; Q1) What is Polyester? Ans)A pol